Introduction

The meaning of Madd is to stretch. There are two reasons for Madd
(1) Hamzah (ء)
(2) Sukoon

Maddats are very important for reciting the Holy Quran, if a person ignores the Maddats while reciting the Quran and does not draw them properly, then his recitation will not be correct and it will be considered as Lahan Jali (big mistake).

letters of Maddah and Vertical Harakat

Before knowing about Maddat, it is important to know about the letters of Maddah and Vertical Harakat. You can learn it through following picture

Threre are six types of Maddat

1. Madd e Muttasil
2. Madd e Munfasil
3. Madd e Lazim
4. Madd e Leen Lazim
5. Madd e Arid
6. Madd e Leen Arid

Madd e Muttasil

If a Hamzah comes after letters of Maddah in the same word,then it will be Madd Muttasil (attached). (examples in picture picture 1)

Madd e Munfasil

If a Hamzah comes after a letter of Maddah in the next word, then it will be Madd Munfasil (separate). (examples in picture picture 1)

• Whilst pronouncing Madd e Muttasil and Madd e Munfasil (without Tashdeed), stretch upto 2, 2.5 Alif i.e. 4 or 5 Harakaat.(about 2.5 second)

Madd e Lazim

If a Sukoon Asli comes after the letters of Maddah, then it will be Madd Lazim. (examples in picture picture 1)

Madd e Leen Lazim

If a Sukoon Asli comes after the letters of Leen, then it will be Madd Leen Lazim. (examples in picture picture 1)

• Whilst pronouncing Madd e Lazim and Madd e Leen-Lazim, stretch up to “3”Alif 6 Harakaat (about 3 second).

Madd e Arid

If a Sukoon Aaridi (temporary) because of Waqf (pause)] comes after the letters of Maddah, then it will be Madd e Aarid. (examples in picture picture 1)

Madd e Leen Arid

If a Sukoon Aaridi (temporary) because of Waqf (pause)] comes after the letters of Leen, then it will be Madd e Leen Aarid. (examples in picture picture 1)

• Whilst pronouncing Madd e Lazim and Madd e Leen-Lazim, stretch up to “3”Alif 6 Harakaat (about 3 second).

Letters of Leen

There are two letters of leen

1. Waow leen (و لین)
2. Ya leen (ی لین)

Waow leen (و لین)

If Zabar (Fatah) comes before Waow Sakin, Waow leen will be done

Ya leen (ی لین)

If Zabar (Fatah) comes before Ya Sakin, Ya leen will be done